What Every Homeowner Should Know About HOAs—and Why They’re More Common Than Ever
Multi-Family housing typically comes with an HOA
If you’re shopping for a home today, there’s a good chance you’ll come across properties that are part of a Homeowners Association (HOA). In fact, HOAs have become increasingly common across the U.S., especially in planned communities, condominiums, and newer developments.
But what exactly is an HOA—and how does it impact your experience as a homeowner?
As a realtor, I often get questions about what HOAs do, how much they cost, and whether they’re “worth it.” Here’s a breakdown of what homeowners should know before buying into an HOA community.
What Is an HOA?
An HOA (Homeowners Association) is an organization within a residential community that helps manage and maintain common areas and enforce community rules. These are typically found in subdivisions, condo complexes, and townhome communities.
When you purchase a home in an HOA-governed area, you automatically become a member and are required to pay monthly or annual dues.
What Do HOA Fees Cover?
HOA fees vary widely based on location and the type of community, but they typically cover:
Landscaping and maintenance of common areas
Pool, gym, clubhouse, or park maintenance
Exterior maintenance for condos/townhomes
Trash pickup and pest control (in some communities)
Security services or gated entry
Reserve funds for future repairs
Always review the HOA’s budget and reserve study (if available) to understand where your money is going.
The Pros of Living in an HOA Community
Curb Appeal and Maintenance: HOAs help maintain a consistent look and feel for the community, which can help preserve property values.
Amenities: Pools, clubhouses, playgrounds, walking trails—these perks are often included and professionally maintained.
Dispute Resolution: HOAs can help mediate neighbor issues, like noise complaints or boundary disagreements.
Protection of Property Values: With enforced standards, neighborhoods are more likely to stay clean, orderly, and attractive to buyers.
The Cons to Consider
Monthly/Annual Fees: These can range from modest to substantial, depending on the amenities and management style.
Rules and Restrictions: HOAs often have strict guidelines—think exterior paint colors, landscaping choices, even parking rules.
Special Assessments: If there’s a major unexpected repair and the reserve fund falls short, homeowners may be charged additional fees.
Enforcement Authority: HOAs can issue fines, place liens, and in extreme cases, even foreclose for non-payment of dues.
How Common Are HOAs Now?
HOAs are more common than ever before. According to the Foundation for Community Association Research, over 74 million Americans now live in community associations. That’s more than one in five people in the U.S.!
This rise is driven by demand for amenities, newer planned developments, and the desire for cohesive neighborhood management. In areas like San Diego, Florida, Texas, and many fast-growing suburbs nationwide, HOAs are now the norm rather than the exception.
Tips for Homebuyers Considering an HOA Community
Review the CC&Rs (Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions) before you make an offer. These outline what’s allowed and what isn’t.
Ask for HOA meeting minutes to understand ongoing community issues or upcoming expenses.
Look into the financial health of the HOA—a strong reserve fund means less chance of sudden assessments.
Talk to neighbors (if possible) to hear what it’s like living under the HOA’s governance.
Know your rights—homeowners in HOAs still have legal protections.
Final Thoughts
Living in an HOA community isn’t for everyone, but for many, it offers peace of mind, consistent upkeep, and added amenities. The key is understanding what you’re signing up for before you buy.
If you’re considering buying or selling a home in an HOA community and want guidance on what to look for, I’m here to help. Let’s talk through your needs and find the right fit—whether that includes an HOA or not.
Have questions about a specific community’s HOA in San Diego (or beyond)? Reach out any time—I’d be happy to provide insights tailored to your neighborhood.